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Optical Network Termination [ONT]

An Optical Network Termination (ONT) is optical network equipment used to connect to the Internet via fibre to the home (FTTH); it incorporates the function of access to the user’s terminals and sometimes the optical terminal outlet (PTO) delimiting the operator’s FTTH network.

ONT

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet ( [PPPoE]

PPPoE was created when the Ethernet link was introduced to replace the PPP (Point to Point Protocol) which allowed the ISP, through CHAP authentication, to identify each of its customers and see if they were up to date with their payments. When switching from analogue to ADSL modems, ISPs no longer had a solution to authenticate their ADSL modem customers as there was no longer a PPP link but an Ethernet link. In order to be able to continue using the CHAP authentication of the PPP protocol, it was decided to encapsulate the PPP protocol through the Ethernet protocol. The PPPoE protocol was born (*PPP* *o*ver *E*thernet). This protocol creates a level 2 tunnel between two routers, takes 8 bytes and can only be set up between two directly connected routers.

 

PPPoE

Power over Ethernet [PoE]

Power over Ethernet (PoE) allows power (initially only direct current of up to 15.4 watts with a voltage of approximately 48 V) to be transmitted in addition to data at 100 Mbit/s or 1 Gbit/s. This technology is defined by the IEEE 802.3af standard, which belongs to the IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) standard.

power over internet

Link Layer Discovery Protocol [LLDP]

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is a protocol standardised in IEEE 802.1AB and IEEE 802.3. It is used for discovering network topologies on a local level, but also to provide mechanisms for exchanging information between network devices and end users.

It tends to replace a good number of proprietary protocols (Cisco CDP, Extreme EDP, etc.), for better exchanges between equipment from different manufacturers.

LLDP Protocole

FMG-Access

Allow FortiManager authorization automatically during the communication exchanges between FortiManager and FortiGate devices.

FMG-Access

802.3ad aggregate

802.3ad Aggregate is a method of grouping 2 or more network ports together making them a single connection to consolidate bandwidth (trunking) or provide fault tolerance. 802.3ad Aggregate with trunking feature increases the connection speed beyond the speed of single cable or single network port.

802.3ad aggregate

Link Aggregation Control Protocol [LACP]

EEE 802.3ad, or Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), is an OSI Level 2 protocol that allows multiple physical ports to be grouped into a single logical path.

The standard describes the use of multiple Ethernet network cables in parallel to increase link speed beyond the limits of a single cable or port, and to increase redundancy for greater availability.

Lacp

SD-WAN [Software Defined-Wide Area Network]

A Software Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) leverages software optimisation to control the operation of a network instead of the stereotypical hardware infrastructure that uses an “on or off” environment to direct traffic.